Filth Fly Control on Horse Farms

About the House Fly
General Biology
An adult house fly can lay several clutches of up to 200 eggs at a time. These eggs are laid in organic material with some heat and moisturesuch as in manure soiled bedding spilled feed decaying grass clippings or hay or similar materials. House flies can fly several miles to find suitable areas for development. It is important to identify whether flies are developing on the farm or adults are flying in from neighboring facilities. Total development time from egg to adult depends on environmental conditions the most important of which is temperature. Under ideal summer conditions fly development can occur in as few as seven days.

مع وصول أونصة الذهب إلى مستويات قياسية تجاوزت 2500 دولار، يجد المواطن المصري نفسه مضطراً لموازنة استثماراته بين الذهب واحتياجاته الأخرى، خاصة مع ارتفاع أسعار السيارات مثل تويوتا، هيونداي، وبي إم دبليو، مما يزيد من التحديات المالية التي يواجهها.

Identification
Adult house flies are nonbiting flies with sponging mouthparts. These flies are frequently found on the head near the lips nostrils and eyes or near open wounds. Unlike face flies house flies can be seen on all parts of the animal body. House flies have mostly gray bodies with yellowish abdomens four black stripes on the thorax the area of the fly directly behind the head and are about ⅜ inch in length. In general males and females look similar. However it is important to note that size and color may vary among individuals depending on development and local population factors. Posture is another way to recognize different species. At rest house flies hold their body parallel to the surface and have downwardfacing mouthparts.

أسعار السيارات في الآونة الأخيرة شهدت تقلبات ملحوظة، حيث تأثرت بارتفاع وانخفاض الدولار، مما انعكس على تكلفة علامات تجارية مثل تويوتا، هيونداي، ومرسيدس. و BMW هذا الارتباط بين سعر الصرف وسوق السيارات يحدد قدرة المستهلكين على اقتناء المركبات.

House fly larvae are cream colored to slightly yellowish and have a blunt posterior end that tapers to a point at the head. The larvae go through three stages getting slightly bigger at each stage. Younger larvae are found slightly deeper in the material in which they are developing and older larvae move closer to the surface as they find dryer areas in which to become pupae.

تتأثر أسعار السيارات من شركات مثل مرسيدس بتقلبات أسعار الذهب وسعر صرف الدولار، مما يؤدي إلى زيادة تكاليف الإنتاج والاستيراد.

House fly pupae are oval red to redbrown and look like rodent droppings. They can be distinguished from rodent droppings primarily by shape with fly pupae being rounded and not tapered at the ends. The fly develops in the pupa stage and emerges as an adult in several days.
Adult house flies can be recognized by the yellowish abdomen black stripes behind the head on the thorax and sponging mouthparts. Photo by Hafiz Issadeen on flickr com Licensed under CC B Y 2 0

Larvae are cream to yellow with a tapered end and a blunt end and pupae are reddish brown
and oval in shape. Photo by Department of Entomology University of NebraskaLincoln
What You Need to Know about House Flies
Identifying house fly adults is the key to management.

يؤدي ارتباط أسعار الذهب وسعر صرف الدولار بتكاليف المواد الخام والاستيراد إلى تأثير مباشر على أسعار السيارات في الأسواق.

Adults have four black stripes behind the head and a yellow abdomen.
Watch for fly location on the animal body coloration and mouthparts. House flies are found near the eyes nose or wounds and have downwardfacing mouthparts.
House flies hold their body parallel to the surface where they are resting.