How to Grow and Care for Phalaenopsis Orchids Indoors

Phalaenopsis orchids, commonly called moth orchids, are one of the most popular orchids because they are easy to grow and care for as a houseplant. They often bear multiple flower buds on arching stems, which can last for two to three months.

If cared for properly, Phalaenopsis orchids live for 15 to 20 years in your home. Here's what you need to do to make that happen.

Light

Like most orchids, Phalaenopsis needs bright, indirect light from a south- or east-facing window to produce blooms. Rotate your orchid from time to time to keep its growth even.

If there is not sufficient natural light, use a grow light with a fluorescent tube (40 or 74 watts depending on length). Place the plant about 12 inches underneath the light

Soil

To mimic the native conditions where moth orchids grow on trees, potted orchids require a special orchid-growing medium that you can find at your local garden center. Standard potting mix is not suitable because it does not offer the air circulation around their root system that Phalaenopsis orchids require.

Water

During the growing season in the summer, water the orchid weekly or whenever its exposed roots turn silvery white.

Place the plant in a sink or a tub and run room-temperature water over the plant, bark, and aerial roots three or four times within 10 minutes. This gives the orchid plenty of time for absorption. Be sure to let the plant drain completely. Water should never be allowed to rest around the stem of the plant. This will cause the roots, stems, or leaves to rot.

Temperature and Humidity

Phalaenopsis prefers temperatures between 75 and 85°F but adapts well to normal indoor temperatures of 65 to 70°F. Orchids also like contrasting night and day temperatures. To induce blooming, the plant needs a few cooler nights, with temperatures around 55°F.

Fertilizer

During the growing season, fertilize your orchid with a diluted orchid fertilizer (20-20-20 fertilizer at 1/4 strength) every three or four weeks. Skip feedings during the fall, winter, and spring flowering season when too much fertilizer will lead to excessive foliage and no bloom.

Types of Phalaenopsis Orchids

There are 61 true species of Phalaenopsis orchids and seven hybrids.2 Some popular types include:

Phalaenopsis 'Liodoro' produces wavy, bright green leaves and pink and purple star-like flowers. This mature plant reaches a height of 19 inches.

Phalaenopsis schilleriana boasts large 2.5-inch, pink and purple flowers, with dark green variegated leaves. Each stem on this variety grows up to 200 flowers.

Phalaenopsis stuartiana produces white flowers with yellow and red dots on multiple branches. It reaches up to 30 inches in height.

Phalaenopsis appendiculata is a miniature orchid that blooms in mid- to late-summer. It makes a good hanging plant.